UPV-Symanto at eRisk 2021: Mental Health Author Profiling for Early Risk Prediction on the Internet

[EN] This paper presents the contributions of the UPV-Symanto team, a collaboration between Symanto Research and the PRHLT Center, in the eRisk 2021 shared tasks on gambling addiction, self-harm detection and prediction of depression levels. We have used a variety of models and techniques, including Transformers, hierarchical attention networks with multiple linguistic features, a dedicated early alert decision mechanism, and temporal modelling of emotions. We trained the models using additional training data that we collected and annotated thanks to expert psychologists. Our emotions-over-time model obtained the best results for the depression severity task in terms of ACR (and second best according to ADODL). For the self-harm detection task, our Transformer-based model obtained the best absolute result in terms of ERDE5 and we ranked equal first in terms of speed and latency.The authors from Universitat Politècnica de València thank the EU-FEDER Comunitat Valenciana 2014-2020 grant IDIFEDER/2018/025. The work of Paolo Rosso was in the framework of the research project PROMETEO/2019/121 (DeepPattern) by the Generalitat Valenciana. We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers who helped us improve this paper.Basile, A.; Chinea-Ríos, M.; Uban, A.; Müller, T.; Rössler, L.; Yenikent, S.; Chulvi-Ferriols, MA.... (2021). UPV-Symanto at eRisk 2021: Mental Health Author Profiling for Early Risk Prediction on the Internet. CEUR. 908-927. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/19067090892

A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of currently used treatment modalities in the treatment of patients with PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum.

BACKGROUND PIK3CA-related overgrowth syndromes (PROS) include a variety of clinical presentations that are associated with hypertrophy of different parts of the body. AIM Perform a systematic literature review to assess the current treatment options and their efficacy and safety in PROS. METHODS A literature search was performed in EMBASE, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google Scholar to retrieve publications on the treatment for hypertrophy in PROS and randomized controlled trials, cohort studies or case series including ≥10 patients reporting were included in the review. Titles, abstracts and full texts were assessed by two reviewers independently. The Risk of Bias (RoB) was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. RESULTS 16 articles for the treatment of hypertrophy in PROS patients were included, 13 (81.3%) from clinical retrospective studies and 3 (13.7%) from prospective cohort studies. The ROB grade was low for 2, medium for 12 and high for 2 studies. 13 articles reported surgical treatment, while 3 reported pharmacological treatment using PIK3/mTOR pathway inhibitors in PROS patients. In 3 studies, PROS was defined by a mutation in the PIK3CA gene, while the other studies relied on a clinical definition of PROS. Surgical therapy was beneficial for a specific subgroup of PROS (macrodactyly), but little was reported concerning surgery and potential benefits in other PROS entities. Reported side effects in surgical therapy were mostly prolonged wound healing or scarring. PIK3/mTOR pathway inhibition was beneficial in patients with PROS reducing hypertrophy as well as systemic symptoms. Adverse effects reported included infection, changes in blood count, liver enzymes and metabolic measures. CONCLUSION Surgery is a locally limited treatment option in specific types of PROS. A promising treatment option in PROS is the pharmacological PIK3CA inhibition. However, the level of evidence on treatment of overgrowth in PROS patients is limited

Large ensemble flood loss modelling and uncertainty assessment for future climate conditions for a Swiss pre-alpine catchment

Information on possible changes in future flood risk is essential for successful adaptation planning and risk management. However, various sources of uncertainty arise along the model chains used for the assessment of flood risk under climate change.Knowledge on the importance of these different sources of uncertainty can help to design future assessments of flood risk, and to identify areas of focus for further research that aims to reduce existing uncertainties. Herewe investigate the role of four sources of epistemic uncertainty affecting the estimation of flood loss for changed climate conditions for ameso-scale, pre-alpine catchment. These are: the choice of a scenario-neutralmethod, climate projection uncertainty, hydrological model parameter sets, and the choice of the vulnerability function. To efficiently simulate a large number of loss estimates, a surrogate inundationmodelwas used. 46,500 loss estimateswere selected according to the change in annualmean precipitation and temperature of an ensemble of regional climatemodels, and considered for the attribution of uncertainty. Large uncertainty was found in the estimated loss for a 100-year flood event with losses ranging from a decrease of loss compared to estimations for present day climate, to more than a 7-fold increase. The choice of the vulnerability function was identified as the most important source of uncertainty explaining almost half of the variance in the estimates. However, uncertainty related to estimating floods for changed climate conditions contributed nearly as much. Hydrologicalmodel parametrisation was found to be negligible in the present setup. For our study area, these results highlight the importance of improving vulnerability function formulation even in a climate change context where additional major sources of uncertainty arise

A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of currently used treatment modalities in the treatment of patients with PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum

Background: PIK3CA (activating mutations of the p110α subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases)-related overgrowth spectrums (PROS) include a variety of clinical presentations that are associated with hypertrophy of different parts of the body. We performed a systematic literature review to assess the current treatment options and their efficacy and safety for PROS. Methods: A literature search was performed in Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar to retrieve studies on the treatment of hypertrophy in PROS. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series with ≥10 patients were included in the present review. The titles, abstracts, and full text were assessed by two reviewers independently. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: We included 16 studies of the treatment of hypertrophy in PROS patients, 13 (81.3%) from clinical retrospective studies and 3 (13.7%) from prospective cohort studies. The risk of bias grade was low for 2, medium for 12, and high for 2 studies. Of the 16 studies, 13 reported on surgical treatment and 3 reported pharmacologic treatment using phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway inhibitors in PROS patients. In 3 studies, PROS was defined by a mutation in the PIK3CA gene, and 13 studies relied on a clinical definition of PROS. Surgical therapy was beneficial for a specific subgroup of PROS (macrodactyly). However, little has been reported concerning surgery and the potential benefits for other PROS entities. The reported side effects after surgical therapy were mostly prolonged wound healing or scarring. PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibition was beneficial in patients with PROS by reducing hypertrophy and systemic symptoms. The adverse effects reported included infection, changes in blood count, liver enzymes, and metabolic measures. Conclusions: Surgery is a locally limited treatment option for specific types of PROS. A promising treatment option for PROS is pharmacologic PIK3CA inhibition. However, the level of evidence on the treatment of overgrowth in PROS patients is limited